But, as nuclear weapons and delivery systems increased in destructiveness and accuracy over the ensuing decades of the Cold War, civil defense efforts waxed, waned, and ultimately failed to provide a credible means to protect civilians from the effects of attack.Īlmost 75 years after the first use of an atomic weapon, American civilians still have few protective measures from nuclear attack. At the time the United States Army Air Forces dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945, the United States had an atomic monopoly. These efforts, broadly known as civil defense, consisted of all measures designed or undertaken to protect the civilian population from enemy attack.ĭuring World War II, civilian defense personnel rarely found their efforts in demand for anything beyond practice drills. ![]() ![]() federal government established organizations to prepare the public for the possibility of such an attack. administration and the North Korean regime and an errant incoming missile alert in Hawaii have focused America’s attention on how the country would respond to a nuclear attack for the first time since the end of the Cold War.
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